Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Bemo?tande a?r viktigt fo?r patienters upplevelse av va?rden. Inom va?rden handlar bemo?tande framfo?rallt om hur sjuksko?terskan pa? ett respektfullt sa?tt kommunicerar och bemo?ter patienter och na?rsta?ende. Va?rden skall bedrivas med respekt och utga? fra?n att alla ma?nniskor har lika va?rde oavsett ko?n, a?lder och etnicitet.Syfte: Att beskriva kvinnliga och manliga patienters uppfattningar av bemo?tande inom ha?lso- och sjukva?rden.Metod: Litteraturstudie med systematisk so?kning med en deskriptiv design.

The purpose of this study was to investigate produced laser data from the new national height model's airborne laser scanning in Sweden, what quality it has and whether it can be used for forest management planning. From airborne laser scanning one can obtain information on forest variables such as tree species, height, diameter and basal area. Norra skogsägarna is the principal employer of this project and they wanted know to the quality of the laser data which needs to cope with their standards. If the laser data the quality required it can replace some of the operations performed by field planners. To examine the quality of the produced laser data a control tax assessment has been performed in 30 forest departments. This was done in an objective manner.

To make it easier for forestry planning the forest owners needs data which describe characteristics of the forest. Such data you usually get from some type of inventory. A relatively new technology which probably is getting more important in the future, is laser scanning because of lower costs. But because the laser technology is relatively new you need to compare it with conventional inventory technologies to get better understanding of the possibilities the laser technology gives. This work intends to estimate field measured characteristics of the forest from laser data with help of regression analysis and then see which of the field measured properties that best could be estimated and which laser variables that gave the best results. This study shows that heights has the best estimates, but biomass, diameter and volume also gives good estimates.

Bakgrund: Missbruk av substanser ?r ett globalt problem och kr?ver insatser fr?n h?lso- och sjukv?rd f?r att b?de hj?lpa personer att ta sig ur ett missbruk och hantera andra symtom eller sjukdomar. Samtidigt ?r det l?ngt ifr?n alla som har missbruk som s?ker v?rd n?r de beh?ver f? hj?lp. Ovilja att s?ka v?rd kan resultera i negativa konsekvenser p? b?de individ- och samh?llsniv?.

Beroende p a hur tv a punkter v aljs p a kubens sidoytor kommer kortaste v agen mellandessa att passera olika sidor. Det visar sig att, genom att m ata vinklarna mellanpunkterna via n agot av h ornen som ligger p a den gemensamma kanten, kan vi avg oravilka sidor kortaste v agen mellan dessa punkter passerar. Om b ada dessa vinklar armindre an 135 s a kommer det alltid att vara n armare att g a raka v agen over den gemensammakanten. Annars ar det n armare att passera n agon tredje intilliggande sida.Om punkterna ligger p a motst aende sidor kommer samma 135 - resultat att g alla.Mest avl agsna punkt, givet en punkt som har avst and a och b fr an n armsta respektiven ast-n armsta kant, kommer att ater nnas i koordinaterna ( 2b?2b2+a3?2a ; b) eller( a+b?ab?b22?a+b ; b) beroende p a olikheten 2b?2b2+a3?2a < a+b?ab?b22?a+b .

Denna studies syfte a?r att underso?ka va?ldsutsatta kvinnors fo?rva?ntningar pa? och upplevelser av socialtja?nstens bemo?tande och insatser utifra?n Goffmans dramaturgiska rollteori samt maktperspektivet. I denna studie anva?nds en kvalitativ ansats da?r vi har genomfo?rt semistrukturerade intervjuer med va?ldsutsatta kvinnor som har varit i kontakt med socialtja?nsten. De studier som bero?r va?ldsutsatta kvinnors fo?rva?ntningar pa? och upplevelser av socialtja?nsten a?r va?ldigt begra?nsade.

This degree project has been carried out in cooperation with Enertech AB in Ljungby and is pilot study to automating all current manual soldering. The soldering process accounts for a large part of the processing cost in the production of a heat pump. The process is also a quality risk and has a major impact on the lifetime of the final product.The Main task of this project has been to evaluate automation of the soldering process, to develop automation solutions and a principle layout, to draw the design changes required for the automation and to calculate the supposed solution.This pilot study has resulted in a suggested automation solution using laser as a heat source for soldering. Calculations of the solution show that a automating a laser soldering cell is very profitable..

Laser for material processing possesses a number of advantages which mean that it has been and will be an important component for a wide range of industries' future development. Cutting materials processing is the dominant use of laser technology and has revolutionized the manufacturing industry. The aim of this thesis is to describe the principles of metal cutting by laser, how laser cutting is applied in practice and to identify how Swedish companies are using laser cutting. For the theoretical and technical description of laser cutting literature studies are the primary source of information. The empirical basis for the mapping of the Swedish industry for laser cutting is grounded on a survey; this includes Swedish companies that use laser cutting in their production.

This report describes a thesis project on 15hp. The purpose of the thesis project is to build a laser projector that reacts on sound waves and thus get a laser beam to draw visualizations of sound waves on a wall. The idea was that the design would be independent and not have to be plugged into any audio equipment. This was achieved by absorbing sound waves into a microphone. Another factor was to get a ?do it yourself? -feeling of the design and therefore it was chosen to be constructed using for example, old hard-drives.The result was a relatively large and bulky designed laser projector that can draw sound waves on a wall..

Uppsala University is involved in a large international collaborationto build the Laser heater system for the European Xray Free-electronlaser in Hamburg, Germany. In this thesis I describe a laser incouplingdevice into the vacuum chamber of this laser heater all the way fromthe specifications to a completed design.The laser heater is a very important part of the XFEL and thepart described here is a part of the vacuum system needed to couplean external laser into the electron vacuum system and align it withthe electron bunches in order to heat them. The task was started by studying the literature about the basic theory andthe design of vacuum systems. After this study and collection of ideaswith colleagues I started to prepare different concepts to solve thetask. The ideas can be put into two categories, in one case the couplingmirror is located inside the vacuum chamber and in the second caseoutside.

Booth for operational planning of harvesting and for long term planning, data is today collected manually. Intensive objective field inventories are usually too expensive. To enhance optimisation of timber flow from forest to industry Moore efficient methods for measuring tree stems of standing trees are needed. The performance of terrestrial laser scanners have improved and these could possibly be used within forestry in the future. The objective of this study was to validate how a terrestrial laser scanner could be used to measure stem diameter, and to test how the errors depend on distance from the scanner and tree species. Two plots (one pine and one spruce) were used for this study.

Thinning is one of the most important silvicultural activities in middle aged forests, partly to minimize damages and partly because it leads to earlier harvesting revenues and increases the value of the remaining trees. There are many different indices used to describe stand density and thereby the need of thinning in forests today. Studies have shown that forest variables can be estimated with high accuracy using airborne laser scanning and it is likely that the method could also be used to estimate forest density indices. In this study, the possibility of using the forest density index ?H² to determine and map priorities for thinning operations for a forest area was examined.

Denna uppsats avhandlar möjligheter och begränsningar vid användande avhögenergilaser för nedskjutning av luftmål. Uppsatsen har inte ambitionen attvara heltäckande över området utan presenterar några av de fördelar ochnackdelar som finns..

The thesis mission is to investigate whether the swiveling laser that Vectura (former Vägverket Konsult) has in use to measure the road areas and straddle measuring can be used to detect differences in the reflective road markings function. This is to increase use of the swiveling laser and get rid of the manual measurements performed today.Currently, the measurement of road markings reflective function is performed with both mobile and handheld measuring instruments. The purpose of this thesis is to develop better methods for determination of road markings? reflective function, in order to facilitate the description and suggestions for improvements of the maintenance of road markings reflective function.The questions that the thesis has been to start with are:Can the swiveling laser detect differences in longitudinal and transverse road markings reflective function?The accuracy of measurement has been sweeping the laser over the reference instrument (LTL-2000)Is it necessary with a conversion factor for swiveling laser data against the reference instrument data?To answer the question 2 and 3, there has been a field work in Värnamo where a road stretch with longitudinal road markings and zebra crossing (transverse road markings) has been investigated with a swiveling laser and LTL-2000.The formulas and calculations contained in the thesis are drawn from scientific reports that are produced by VTI in Linköping. The same formula that was used to calculate the optical measurement data was also used for the swiveling laser data.

The purpose of this report is to explore how modern technology can work againstolder craft techniques. The focus of the research will depend on what conditions areoptimal for cutting marquetry with laser technology. In my work I account for thehistorical background of the various techniques and then through own practical testsexamine whether the laser technology can complement the traditional techniques..